As energy-related issues increase significantly, interest in ammonia (NH₃) and its potential as a new eco-friendly fuel is increasing substantially. Accordingly, many studies have been conducted on electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (ENRR), which can produce ammonia in an environmentally friendly manner using nitrogen molecule (N₂) and water (H₂O) in mild conditions. However, research is still at a standstill, showing low performances in faradaic efficiency (FE) and NH3 production rate due to the competitive reaction and insufficient three-phase boundary (TPB) of N₂(g)-catalyst(s)-H₂O(l). Therefore, this review comprehensively describes the main challenges related to the ENRR and examines the strategies of catalyst design and TPB engineering that affect performances. Finally, a direction to further develop ENRR through perspective is provided.